Missouri State Lawmakers Revise Women’s Dress Code

Missouri’s state House of Representatives changed its dress code for female legislators, staff members and employees. They were required to wear a jacket such as a cardigan or blazer, which sparked a debate about how women should be dressed.

The updated dress code — which was adopted Wednesday by a vote of 105-51 as part of a larger package of rules governing the House — drew criticism from some Democratic lawmakers, who described the Republican-backed effort as sexist and pointless. Supporters claimed it was a minor change that would improve professionalism in the chamber.

The main proponent of the new rule — state Rep. Ann Kelley, a Republican, who introduced it — said on the House floor that the new rules for women would mirror the dress code language for men, and that it “is essential to always maintain a formal and professional atmosphere” in the House.

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“You would think that all you would have to do is say, ‘Dress professionally,’ and women could handle it,” Kelley said. “You would think elected officials could handle that.”

Four sentences were taken from a 37-page resolution which established rules for the state House of Representatives. These included how committee meetings are announced, and policies regarding attendance. The House is made up of 116 men, and 43 women. The state Senate does not require women to wear blazers.

Kelley, who did not immediately respond to a call and an email seeking comment Saturday, said on the floor that she sought to establish revised rules because even though new female lawmakers were told that a jacket was required in the chamber, there had been some women who believed that if “you were wearing a skirt or a sweater, you did not have to wear a jacket.”

She said on Facebook that the chief clerk of the House, Dana Rademan Miller, had wanted to put such a rule in place “for many years.”

“Now, it has been fixed,” Kelley said.

The dress codes for men who must wear a jacket, shirt, and tie have not been changed.

Jamie Tomek, the secretary of the Missouri chapter of the National Organization for Women, said Saturday that she and other organization members were “outraged” that Republicans had wasted time by focusing on a futile, misogynistic issue.

“We have a Republican Legislature, so they think they have time to spend on those kinds of things, as opposed to real issues that citizens of Missouri need dealing with,” she said.

Some Democratic representatives objected that a dress-code change was required.

“I think we’re being quite pedantic here by making rules so petty,” state Rep. Raychel Proudie, a Democrat, said Wednesday in the chamber. “And what it will ultimately lead to is the disenfranchisement of folks. For example, they don’t make jackets or blazers for women who are pregnant. That can be very uncomfortable.”

Others Democratic lawmakers stated that the rule change highlighted how women have historically been subject to increased scrutiny and criticism for their fashion choices.

Similar disputes over the use of sexual bias in dress codes have been ongoing across the country, especially in schools, state legislatures, and Congress. Professionals and students expressed frustration at inequal guidelines.

In Wyoming, state lawmakers last year voted to loosen one of the strictest dress codes in the nation for legislators by simply requiring them to wear “business attire,” The Casper Star-Tribune reported. For example, bolo ties — a string tie held in place by an ornament that is called a bolo — had been acceptable, but they had to be “worn tight with the top button of a collared shirt buttoned.”

In Montana, Democrats have criticized the dress code in the state House of Representatives, which says that female lawmakers “should be sensitive to skirt lengths and necklines.”

The National Conference of State Legislatures reported in a 2021 report that half of states had some type of dress code. In Georgia, suit coats for men and “dignified dress” for women were expected. And in Colorado, House members could wear “a suit coat or sport coat.”

In Missouri, state Rep. Ashley Aune, a Democrat, said on the floor Wednesday that a “gentleman in this room” had once questioned what she was wearing.

“You know what it feels like to have a bunch of men in this room looking at your top trying to decide whether it’s appropriate or not?” she said.

Kelley was then questioned by Aune about the purpose of the amended rule. “I mean, this is ridiculous,” she said.

Kelley responded: “Why should we talk about something like this? It is absolutely ridiculous.”

“You brought this to the floor, lady,” Aune replied. “You tell me.”

Kelley initially did not include cardigans into her proposal rule. However, the sweater was accepted in the final version of the resolution.

“Proper attire for women shall be business attire, including jackets worn with dresses, skirts or slacks, and dress shoes or boots,” the resolution states. “For the purposes of this rule, ‘jacket’ shall include blazers, cardigans and knit blazers.”

Rep. Brenda Shields, a Republican, expressed support for the amendment on Wednesday, saying the intention of the change was “just to clarify what we already have.”

“We don’t want anyone to have to be the clothing police,” Shields said.

After the vote, Kelley said on Facebook that she received “lots of hateful calls, emails and messages in regards to this amendment, which is funny because we already have a dress code.”

Kelley said that she didn’t waste time in introducing the amendment, as she had only spoken for five minutes. At her office this week, Kelley said, she frequently answered phone calls and got “cussed at.”

“How is encouraging professionalism wrong?” she said.

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